Caldwell

Caldwell is a borough located in northwestern Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is about 16 miles (26 km) west of New York City and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west of Newark, the state's most populous city. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 7,822, reflecting an increase of 238 (+3.1%) from the 7,584 counted in the 2000 Census. In 1963, Caldwell Township changed its name to Fairfield in order to avoid being confused with Caldwell Borough. Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, was born in Caldwell on March 18, 1837. The church's former manseis now a museum and is open to the public. New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Caldwell as its third-best place to live in its 2010 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey, with a ranking of 7.9. Caldwell is located in the center of the Horseneck Tract, which was purchased in 1702 by settlers from the Lenni Lenape Native Americans for goods equal to $325 (equivalent to $5,761.5 in 2021) Caldwell was incorporated as a borough on February 10, 1892, from portions of Caldwell Township (now Fairfield Township), based on the results of a referendum held on the previous day. In 1981, the Borough's name was changed to the "Township of the Borough of Caldwell" and effective January 26, 1995, it again became a borough.

History

Caldwell is located in the center of the Horseneck Tract. Settlement began about 1740 by Thomas Gould and Saunders Sanders. Caldwell was one of the filming locations for the Columbia Pictures 1994 comedy film North. Caldwell's public library is one of 20 remaining Carnegie libraries in New Jersey. The town's ornate bronze cannon was stolen off the town's square in 1968. A bomb fell during a Fourth of July celebration on July 4, 1914, injuring 20 people. Caldwell is located on the New Jersey Turnpike, which runs from New Jersey to New York City. It is the only town in the state to be named after a U.S. president. It was named after the Reverend James Caldwell, who pushed for their organization's creation in 1787. The name Caldwell was given to the borough by Marquis de Lafayette, who was a friend of Caldwell's. Caldwell has a population of about 6,000 people, the majority of whom live in the western part of the town. It has one public library, which opened in 1908. It became the first brick building to be replaced, in 1908, by the Hasler Building, opposite the Presbyterian Church. In 2012, Caldwell was named one of New Jersey's most endangered properties on its state's list of ten endangered properties. The New Jersey Preservation Preservation Board has listed Caldwell on its endangered properties list on its list of 10 endangered New Jersey properties. It will also list Caldwell on the state's endangered historic properties list in 2022.

Geography

Caldwell is part of "The Caldwells", the group of three Essex County municipalities which all have the word Caldwell in their name. Together with North Caldwell and West Caldwell, these communities are named after the Reverend James Caldwell, a Patriot who played an active role supporting the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. While each community has its own independent government, the term is often used to refer to the area, including on highway exit signs. Fairfield Township was known as Caldwell Township until it abandoned its original name in 1963 in an effort to avoid confusion of mail distribution in the various Caldwells. The borough is located in the northern part of Essex County, on the New Jersey Turnpike. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates the borough to have a total area of 1.18 square miles (3.05 km²) The borough has a population of 1,071. It is located on New Jersey's Turnpix Road, which runs through the center of the borough and into the town of Fairfield, New Jersey. The town of Caldwell is located near the southern edge of Essex Fells, which is in the southern part of the county. It borders the Essex County municipality of North Caldwell, and the municipality of West Caldwell on the northern side of the TurnPix Road. It has an area of 0.01 square miles of land (0.08 km²), and 0.02 square miles (0.01 km² of water) of water.

Demographics

The 2010 United States census counted 7,822 people, 3,359 households, and 1,797 families in the borough. The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $76,354 (with a margin of error of +/ $7,683) The median family income for the borough was $99,898 (+/ $10,668) Males had a median income of $75,026 (-/ $12,328) versus $61,667 (-/$20,342) for females. About 1.1% of families and 2.1%. of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.7%. of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 3.01. The median age was 40.4 years. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 85.5 males. The population density was 6,710.3 per square mile (2,590.9/km²) The racial makeup of the borough is 91.22% White, 2.27% African American, 0.11% Native American, 4.06% Asian, 0,07% Pacific Islander, 1.08% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.05% (786) of thePopulation. The borough is located on the New Jersey Turnpike.

Government

Caldwell and West Caldwell share services including the Recreation Department and the school system. Caldwell is located in the 10th Congressional District and is part of New Jersey's 27th state legislative district. As of 2022, the Mayor of Caldwell is Democrat John Kelley, whose term of office ends December 31, 2022. Essex County is governed by a directly-elected County Executive, with legislative functions performed by the Board of County Commissioners. The Borough form of government used by Caldwell is a "weak mayor/strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council. The Board of Recreation Commissioners of the Boroughs of Caldwell and. West Caldwell was established in 1947. The County Executive is Joseph N. DiVincenzo Jr. (D, Roseland), whose four-year term ofOffice ends in 2022. Caldwell's Register of Deeds is: Christopher J. Durkin (D), Juan M. Rivera (Newark), and Surrogate Armando Boura (Fairfield; D, 2024), and Surrogate Alturrick Altney (Surrogates, 2023). As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 5035 registered voters in Caldwell, of which 1,585 were registered as Democrats, 1,118 as Republicans and 2,331 as Republicans.

Education

The Caldwell-West Caldwell Public Schools is a public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Caldwell and West Caldwell. As of the 202021 school year, the district, comprised of seven schools, had an enrollment of 2,669 students and 226.4 classroom teachers. In 2015, Trinity Academy was one of 15 schools in New Jersey, and one of six private schools, recognized as a National Blue Ribbon School in the exemplary high performing category by the U.S. Department of Education. The borough is home to Caldwell University, a catholic liberal arts college with 2,200 students. The West Essex Campus of Essex County College is located in West Caldwell, New Jersey. The Essex County Vocational Technical Schools offers magnet school and vocational programs to students in eighth through tw 12th grades from Caldwell, Essex County and the surrounding areas. The school district is part of the Essex County Public School District, which was established in 1872. The district is one of the largest public school districts in the state, with a student-teacher ratio of 11.8:1. It is also home to two private schools under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark, Mount Saint Dominic Academy for grades 912 and Trinity Academy for Pre-K8 and Pre-k8. The county's only high school is James Caldwell High School, which opened its doors in 1998. The high school offers a variety of magnet programs for students in 8th through 12th grade.

Transportation

As of May 2010, the borough had a total of 18.41 miles (29.63 km) of roadways, of which 14.77 miles (23.77 km) were maintained by the municipality and 3.64 miles (5.86 km) by Essex County. County Route 506 is the most significant roadway in Caldwell.NJ Transit offers bus service to and from Caldwell on the 29 and 71 routes. The borough bought the station in 1965 from the Erie Lackawanna Railway and demolished it later that year. In 1979, the tracks on the Caldwell Branch were torn up. The Caldwell Branch ran from Great Notch to Essex Fells, with service offered starting in 1891. Service at Caldwell station ended in October 1966, in the face of unsuccessful legal action in the courts to keep the service operating. The station was torn down in 1979, and the tracks were replaced with a new one on the other side of the street. The town of Caldwell is located on the New Jersey Turnpike, which runs from New Jersey to New York City. It is located at the junction of the Raritan River and the Delaware River, and has a population of 2,816. The city's population is 2,716. It was the site of the Battle of the Bulge, which took place in 1864. The Battle was the first battle of the Civil War, and was fought between the U.S. and the British Empire. The battle was won by the Americans in 1866.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey = 18.9. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 1. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 10. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in Caldwell = 3.7 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 9,027 individuals with a median age of 42.1 age the population dropped by -8.00% in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 7,663.0 residents per square mile of area (2,958.7/km²). There are average 2.13 people per household in the 3,099 households with an average household income of $77,448 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is 10.80% of the available work force and has dropped -3.41% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 22.38%. The number of physicians in Caldwell per 100,000 population = 319.6.

Weather

The annual rainfall in Caldwell = 49 inches and the annual snowfall = 20.3 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 124. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 203. 86 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 20.7 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 47, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey which are owned by the occupant = 47.01%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 54 years with median home cost = $348,380 and home appreciation of -5.53%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $28.54 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $8,947 per student. There are 13.7 students for each teacher in the school, 707 students for each Librarian and 468 students for each Counselor. 4.74% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 25.75% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 18.27% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).